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Trauma bonding describes a powerful psychological attachment that forms between a person and someone who harms them — typically characterised by cycles of abuse, intermittent reinforcement, and an intensity of connection that makes the relationship feel impossible to leave. From a psychotherapist’s perspective, it is one of the most misunderstood dynamics in clinical practice, and it is significantly more common in people with ADHD than the general population.

Homework is one of the most reliably difficult battlegrounds for teenagers with ADHD. It demands exactly the skills that ADHD impairs most: the ability to start tasks that are not immediately rewarding, to sustain focus across long uninterrupted stretches, to manage time, and to tolerate frustration without quitting. For many ADHD teens, the homework hour becomes a source of daily conflict — with parents, with themselves, and with the school system that keeps sending more of it.

Waiting for an ADHD assessment can be a surprisingly anxious experience. Whether you are being tested yourself or supporting a child through the process, the uncertainty about what the results will mean — and what happens next — can create a particular kind of pre-test dread. Ironically, anxiety and ADHD are frequent companions: roughly 50% of adults with ADHD also have an anxiety disorder. Knowing how to manage that anxiety before the assessment not only makes the experience less stressful, but can also mean you arrive able to communicate your experiences clearly.

ADHD is among the most common neurodevelopmental conditions in childhood, affecting approximately 5–7% of children globally. For parents, a diagnosis can arrive as both a relief and an upheaval — relief because behaviour that seemed inexplicable now has a name, and upheaval because the path forward is unclear. Understanding how ADHD actually presents in children, what the assessment process involves, and which interventions have solid evidence behind them is the foundation of effective support.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two of the most common neurodevelopmental conditions, and they co-occur far more often than chance would predict. Research suggests that between 50 and 70 percent of autistic people also meet diagnostic criteria for ADHD, and around 20 to 37 percent of people with ADHD show significant autistic traits. Understanding what this combination looks like in practice is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective support.

People with ADHD are disproportionately likely to find themselves in toxic or one-sided relationships — not because of any personal failing, but because the hallmark traits of ADHD, including impulsivity, emotional sensitivity, and difficulty reading social cues, can make it genuinely harder to spot warning signs early or to act on them when they appear.

If you or your child has ADHD and struggles with sleep, you are not alone. Research consistently shows that between 50 and 70 percent of people with ADHD experience significant sleep difficulties — a rate far higher than in the general population.

ADHD burnout is not laziness, depression, or simply being tired. It is a specific state of physical, cognitive, and emotional exhaustion that occurs when someone with ADHD has spent too long operating beyond the limits of what their nervous system can sustainably manage — masking difficulties, compensating for executive dysfunction, white-knuckling through demands that neurotypical people handle with much less effort. It is extremely common, widely misunderstood, and frequently mistaken for other conditions.